NTFS
 

NTFS is the standard file system of Windows NT, including its later versions Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008, and Windows Vista.

NTFS supersedes the FAT file system as the preferred file system for Microsoft’s “Windows”-branded operating systems. NTFS has several improvements over FAT and HPFS (High Performance File System) such as improved support for metadata and the use of advanced data structures to improve performance, reliability, and disk space utilization, plus additional extensions such as security access control lists (ACL) and file system journaling. The file system specification is a trade secret, although it can be licensed commercially from Microsoft through their Intellectual Property licensing program.

 
NTFS
Developer Microsoft
Introduced July 1993 (Windows NT 3.1)
Partition identifier 0x07 (MBR)
EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7 (GPT)
Structures
Directory contents B+ tree[1]
File allocation Bitmap/Extents
Bad blocks $badclus
Limits
Max file size 264 bytes (16 EiB) minus 1 KiB 
Max number of files 4,294,967,295 (232-1)
Max filename length 255 UTF-16 code units
Max volume size 264 − 1 clusters 
Allowed characters in filenames In Posix namespace, any UTF-16 code unit (case sensitive) except U+0000 (NUL) and / (slash). In Win32 namespace, any UTF-16 code unit (case insensitive) except U+0000 (NUL) / (slash) \ (backslash) : (colon) * (asterisk) ? (Question mark) " (quote) < (less than) > (greater than) and | (pipe) 
Features
Dates recorded Creation, modification, POSIX change, access
Date range 1 January 160128 May 60056 (File times are 64-bit numbers counting 100-nanosecond intervals (ten million per second) since 1601, which is 58,000+ years)
Date resolution 100ns
Forks Yes (see Alternate data streams below)
Attributes Read-only, hidden, system, archive, not content indexed, off-line, temporary
File system permissions ACLs
Transparent compression Per-file, LZ77 (Windows NT 3.51 onward)
Transparent encryption Per-file,
DESX (Windows 2000 onward),
Triple DES (Windows XP onward),
AES (Windows XP Service Pack 1, Windows Server 2003 onward)
Single Instance Storage Yes
Supported operating systems Windows NT family (Windows NT 3.1 to Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008)
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